Introduction        Heart transplantation is considered an important treatment option for advance heart failure patient who do not respond to medical therapy. However, before surgery, contraindications for heart transplantation should be evaluated. These contraindications may include fixed pulmonary hypertension, active cancer, HIV infection, or active infections with unstable conditions. [1]Infection is a significant concern for patients undergoing heart transplantation include pre- and post-operative period, as it may lead to the risk of severe infections in these patients. In fact, infections are the second leading cause of death after graft rejection within the first 30 days following heart transplantation and the leading cause of death beyond 30 days post transplantation. [2,3]        Bacterial infections are significant concern for patients undergoing heart transplantation. According to a study, the incidence of bacterial infections in these patients can be as high as 43.6%. Common causes of infection include pneumonia, bloodstream infections due to the placement of central venous catheters, and infections associated with the use of ventricular assist devices. In the past, the mortality rate from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in heart transplant patients was as high as 66.7%. However, advancements in medical treatments, including antifungal medications, adjustment of immunosuppressive therapy, and improved surgical techniques, have improve survival in these patients. [4,5]        As a result, current medical guidelines recommend treating fungal infections until symptoms, radiological findings, and laboratory tests show improvement before proceeding with heart transplantation. However, there are no specific recommendations for the optimal duration of treatment before emergency heart transplantation or in cases where the patient’s condition requires urgent surgery. [6]