Objective: to evaluate effects of different ovarian stimulation protocols on in vitro fertilization(IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes in infertile women with adenomyosis. Design: A retrospective, cohort study Setting: Tertiary referral hospital Population: A total of 562 cycles were included in the study with 257 cycles of fresh ET and 305 cycles of FET in patients with adenomyosis. Methods: According to ovarian stimulation protocol in fresh ET and embryo origin in FET, ultra-long, long, short and antagonist subgroups were divided. Main Outcomes Measure(s)：clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), implantation rate(IR), miscarriage rate (MR) and live birth rate (LBR). Results：Compared with ultra-long and long protocols, IR (28.2% versus 49.7%, 52.1%, P=0.001) and CPR (35.6% versus 64.3%, 57.4%, P=0.004) in short protocol significantly decreased. Similarly, a decreased inclination of IR (33.3% versus 49.7%, 52.1%) and CPR (38.2% versus 57.4%, 64.3%) existed in antagonist protocol, although no statistical significance was detected because of strict P adjustment of Bonferroni method (Padj=0.008). Compared with long protocol, LBR in short protocol decreased obviously (48.2% versus 20.3%, P<0.001). LBR in antagonist protocol was also similarly poor (39.8% versus 26.5% and 20.3%). In FET cycles, no matter which origin of embryo, IR, CPR and LBR had no statistical difference. Conclusions：In fresh ET cycles, ultra-long or long protocol could be appropriate choices. whole embryo frozen combined with FET might recover the poor outcomes of antagonist and short protocols in fresh ET. embryo origin had no impact on pregnancy outcomes in FET cycles.

Objective: To explore the distribution of time to pregnancy in a Chinese population based on a cross-sectional design. Design: A cross-sectional population-based study. Setting: 8 provinces/municipalities in China between 2010 and 2011. Population or Sample: 25,270 couples aged 20-49 years. Methods: Multistage stratified cluster sampling strategy was utilized to recruit participants from each stratum by district, province/municipality, town/township, and village/street order. Main Outcome Measures: Time to diagnose pregnancy from 17,275 couples “at risk for pregnancy”. Results: In 7,889 couples eligible for analysis, the mean time to pregnancy was 17.2 months (standard deviation, 22.7) with a median of 9 months (25–75th percentile, 3–20 months). Women aged 20–24 years had the highest percentage of pregnancy at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months (23.9%, 42.5%, 58.5%, and 80.4%, respectively). Furthermore, 55.8% (3,413/6,116) and 79.9% (4,885/6,116) of women aged <35 years conceived within 1 year and 2 years, respectively, and the percentage increased by only 8.4% (5,399/6,116, 88.8%) in the third year. Only 30.6% (186/607) and 50.6% (307/607) of women aged ≥35 years conceived within 1 year and 2 years, respectively. Risk factors associated with time to pregnancy were older age, lower educational attainment of couples, higher annual household income, toxic exposure in men, shorter duration of cohabitation, longer menstrual cycle interval, history of abnormal pregnancy, and nullipara. Conclusions: Our study provides a comprehensive estimation of the time to diagnose pregnancy among Chinese couples of reproductive age, providing important information for policy makers, fertility clinicians, and sexual health educators.