Introduction Although several studies are available regarding baseline Electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters, major and minor ECG abnormalities, there is a big controversy regarding their age and gender differences in literature, thus we aimed to investigate any possible age or gender ECG discrepancies in general adult population. Methods Data of 7630 adults aged ≥35 years from Tehran Cohort Study who were registered between March 2016 to March 2019 were collected. ECG basic values, major, and minor ECG abnormalities-defined according to the Minnesota Code-were analyzed and compared between genders, and four distinct age groups. Odds ratio of having any major ECG abnormality between males, and females stratified by age, and number of cardiovascular risk factors was calculated. Results ECG information of 7630 participants was available. The average age was 53.6 (±12.66), and women made up 54.2% (n=4132) of subjects. The average heart rate (HR) was higher among women(p<0.0001), while the average values of QRS duration, P wave duration, and RR intervals were higher among men(p<0.0001). Major ECG abnormalities were observed in 2.9% of study population (with right bundle branch block, left bundle branch block, and Atrial Fibrillation being the most common) and were more prevalent among men compared to women (3.1% vs 2.7% p=0.188). Moreover, minor abnormalities were observed in 25.9% of study population, and again were more prevalent among men (36.4% vs 17% p<0.001). Prevalence of major ECG abnormalities was significantly higher in participants older than 65 years old, and participants who had ≥3 conventional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Conclusion Basic ECG values is different in male and female general population. In addition, major and minor ECG abnormalities were roughly more prevalent in male subjects. In both genders, odds of having major ECG abnormalities surges with increase in number of conventional CV risk factors and age.

Introduction: Coronary artery disease is high-risk comorbidity of COVID-19 infection. Non-elective coronary artery revascularization in COVID-19 patients carries substantial risk. Therefore, it is essential to understand the risk factors and outcomes fully. This study aims to evaluate the prognosis of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery in patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study assesses 171 patients who underwent urgent and emergent CABG in Tehran Heart Center from March 2020 to September 2021. The patients were allocated to cases and controls based on COVID-19 infection status. Demographic and clinical features, alongside the complications and outcomes, were compared between the two groups. Results: According to diagnostic criteria, 62 patients were diagnosed with COVID 19 (Case), and 109 patients had no COVID diagnosis (Control). Regarding the demographics and risk factors, hypertension was more prevalent among patients with COVID 19 (64.5% compared to 43.1% p-value= 0.007). Length of hospital stay, ventilation time, and ICU stay time were significantly higher in patients infected with COVID 19. Post Operative complications, including stroke, atrial fibrillation, pleural effusion, blood transfusion, and Inotrope use, were significantly higher in the case group. Mortality rates were also higher in COVID-19 patients with an Odds ratio of 1.53; however, this difference is not statistically significant (p-value 0.44, 95%CI= 0.50-4.01). Conclusion: COVID-19 is associated with a significantly higher hospital stay, ventilation time, and ICU stay. Mortality rates are also higher, albeit insignificantly. Various postoperative complications are also higher with COVID-19.

A 39 years old healthy cardiologist with history of two months applying of topical Minoxidil for androgenic alopecia was presented with metamorphopsia and central scotoma. After full medical work-up, CSC was diagnosed. Minoxidil may be the culprit for CSC.

fifty years old woman with dyspnea of exertion, rupture of sinus Valsalva to right atrium and patent foramen oval in echocardiography referred to our hospital. After device closure of the rupture, she developed orthostatic hypoxemia. Invasive intra-cardiac evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome which was closed with device

Pericardial fat pad in transverse sinus adjacent to LAA is a rare condition that may resemble LAA thrombosis especially in suspected cases. More TEE angulations and 3D TEE can confirm the diagnosis.

A fifty years old woman with dyspnea of exertion and rupture of sinus Valsalva to right atrium in echocardiography referred to our hospital. After device closure of the rupture, she developed orthostatic hypoxemia. Invasive intra-cardiac evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome which was managed by device closure for PFO.

Background: Transverse sinus (TS) is located anterior to the left atrium (LA) and almost posterior to the aortic root. Pericardial fat pad in transverse sinus adjacent to LAA is a rare condition that may resemble LAA thrombosis especially in suspected cases. Case presentation: A 60 years old woman with history of dyspnea on exertion and severe mitral stenosis was planned for percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC). In TEE imaging mass-like lesion near LAA was seen and was first thought to be LAA thrombosis. After more TEE angulations and 3D TEE the diagnosis of transverse sinus fat pad (TSFP) was confirmed. Conclusion: Along-side 2D imaging, 3D TEE we can better delineate the complex structure of LA and LAA.

COVID-19 causes significant hypoxia along with an inflammatory milieu, which may lead to secondary myocardial infarction and also atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Here we present a case of COVID-19 presented with ACS followed by PTE and CVA.

background and aim: world health organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus 2019 outbreak a pandemic on 11 March 2020. No data have been published so far regarding the COVID-19 patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. Methods: Medical files of 503 patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery were evaluated. Sixty-four patients (12.7%) was diagnosed as COVID-19 cases after the surgery following getting symptomatic or detection of abnormality in their laboratory results. The valve surgery in one positive COVID-19 case was canceled due to his abnormal laboratory finding and suspicion to COVID-19. The patients’ clinical course and survival status were documented and analyzed. Results: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) was the most type of surgery in both positive and negative COVID-19 groups. In-hospital mortality was demonstrated in 6 (9.4%) and 10 (2.3%) patients in positive and negative COVID-19 groups, respectively. CABG had been performed in five COVID-19 deaths while one of the expired cases underwent valve surgery. The median of white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) was higher and the percentage of lymphocyte was lower in patients who expired. Conclusions: We recommend to postpone all elective surgeries till the end of the crisis and limit the surgeries to only emergency situations. In these cases, the patient should be screened and get necessary medications if highly suspected. In borderline surgical indications, especially in individuals with history of contact to infection, we suggest to screen for COVID-19 before the surgery and monitor the patients closely afterward. All health-care staffs should use full personal protective equipment.