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Glucose oxidase virus-based nanoreactors for smart breast cancer therapy
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  • Pedro Gama,
  • Patrcica Juarez,
  • Ana Rodríguez-Hernández,
  • Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
Pedro Gama
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología
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Patrcica Juarez
Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada
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Ana Rodríguez-Hernández
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología
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Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Abstract

Background Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor disease and the leading cause of female mortality. The evolution of nanomaterials science opens the opportunity to improve traditional cancer therapies, enhancing therapy efficiency and reducing side effects. Methods and major results Herein, protein cages conceived as enzymatic nanoreactors were designed and produced by using virus-like nanoparticles (VLPs) from Brome Mosaic Virus (BMV) and containing the catalytic activity of glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx). The GOx enzyme was encapsulated into the BMV capsid (VLP-GOx), and the resulting enzymatic nanoreactors were coated with human serum albumin (VLP-GOx@HSA) for breast tumor cell targeting. The effect of the synthesized GOx nanoreactors on breast tumor cell lines was studied in vitro. Both nanoreactor preparations VLP-GOx and VLP-GOx@HSA showed to be highly cytotoxic for breast tumor cell cultures. Cytotoxicity for human embryonic kidney cells was also found. The monitoring of nanoreactors treatement on triple negative breast cancer cells showed an evident production of oxygen by the catalase antioxidant enzyme induced by the high production of hydrogen peroxide from GOx activity. Conclusions and implications The nanoreactors containing GOx activity are fully suitable for cytotoxicity generation in tumor cells. The HSA functionalization of the VLP-GOx nanoreactors could result in a prevailing strategy to improve selective cancer targeting. The GOx containing enzymatic nanoreactors seems to be an interesting alternative to improve the current cancer therapy. In vivo studies are on going to reinforce the effectiveness of this treatment strategy.
05 May 2023Submitted to Biotechnology Journal
05 May 2023Submission Checks Completed
05 May 2023Assigned to Editor
05 May 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
23 May 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
25 May 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Major
12 Jun 20231st Revision Received
13 Jun 2023Submission Checks Completed
13 Jun 2023Assigned to Editor
13 Jun 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
20 Jun 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
21 Jun 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
22 Jun 20232nd Revision Received
23 Jun 2023Submission Checks Completed
23 Jun 2023Assigned to Editor
29 Jun 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
30 Jun 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
05 Jul 2023Editorial Decision: Accept