Development of Ovalbumin-Lipopolysaccharide induced Vasculitis in rats -
An experiment animal model
Abstract
Vasculitis is considered a hidden factor for many pathological
conditions, and thus, there is a need to develop a distinctive animal
model to aid drug testing. Studies reported that the adjunct use of
antigens, ovalbumin, and lipopolysaccharide exaggerates inflammation.
However, to date, none has established the effect of Ova and LPS
individually or in combination in vasculitis induction. The study aimed
to investigate the effect of ovalbumin and lipopolysaccharide on
vasculitis induction in rats. The rats were sensitized with Ova and
challenged with LPS. The sensitization and challenge in rats have shown
a significant increase in circulating inflammatory cells, Erythrocyte
Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and
TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), ANCA (Anti-MPO, Anti-PR3), liver
function enzymes (AST, ALT), kidney damage markers (BUN, Creatinine) in
the serum. MMP-9 level was significantly increased in the temporal,
carotid, aorta, iliac, mesentery, and coronary arteries. We also found
the disease control group developed hematuria and proteinuria, which was
incomparable to the normal control. Furthermore, the histopathology
suggested significant neutrophil infiltration with fibrinoid necrosis,
indicating vascular injury and hyperplasia, resulting in extracellular
matrix degradation. Thus, we conclude that the ovalbumin and
lipopolysaccharide, in combination, have developed vasculitis like
conditions, which suggest OVA-LPS as a possible new experimental model
for vasculitis and could be considered in future therapeutic studies.