Traffic-Aware Optimal Multi-Beam Resource Allocation in 5G Networks
Impaired by Rain and Foliage
Abstract
In this work, we investigate a novel framework for a traffic-aware
multi-beam optimal resource allocation to serve fixed home users
distributed over a geographical area in the presence of rain and
foliage. The fixed home users in the geographical area of interest are
served by small-cell next-generation node B (gNB) via multiple beams
generated simultaneously by the uniform planar array (UPA) installed at
the gNB. In this regard, we present a framework to compute the optimal
coverage radius of the gNB to satisfy the desired quality of service
(QoS) requirements of the users. We also derive the closed-form
expression for the optimum coverage radius of the gNB, considering free
space and foliage attenuation scenarios. We propose a graphical
methodology to compute the optimal radius of gNB in free space
propagation, rain, and foliage attenuation. Further, based on the
location information of the users, we determine the optimal location of
the gNB by leveraging the unsupervised machine learning (ML) framework.
Finally, we investigate a non-linear programming (NLP)-based technique
for allocating optimal power and bandwidth to each beam, constrained by
total power and bandwidth availability at the gNB. The optimal beam
resource allocation (power and bandwidth) strategy ensures that the
requested data rate (traffic demand) is satisfied for each user served
by each beam. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of
our proposed methodology to ensure high QoS for a larger number of users
in the presence of rain and foliage as compared to genetic algorithm and
surrogate optimization