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Statistical Study of Electron Density Enhancements in the Ionospheric F Region Associated with Pulsating Auroras
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  • Mizuki Fukizawa,
  • Takeshi Sakanoi,
  • Yasunobu Ogawa,
  • Takuo T. Tsuda,
  • Keisuke Hosokawa
Mizuki Fukizawa
Tohoku University

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Takeshi Sakanoi
Tohoku University
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Yasunobu Ogawa
National Institute of Polar Research
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Takuo T. Tsuda
University of Electro-Communications
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Keisuke Hosokawa
University of Electro-Communications
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Abstract

Pulsating auroras (PsAs) are considered to be caused by energetic (~10 keV) electron precipitations. Additionally, soft electron precipitations (~1 keV) have often been observed in PsAs. These soft electron precipitations enhance the electron density in the ionospheric F region. However, to date, the relationship between PsAs and soft electron precipitation has not been well understood. In this study, using the data taken by the European incoherent scatter radar and the auroral all-sky imager at Tromso;, we conducted two case studies to investigate, in detail, the relationship between the electron density height profile and the type of aurora. Additionally, we conducted statistical studies for 14 events to elucidate how often F region electron density enhancement occurs with a PsA. We consequently found that 76% of electron density height profiles showed a local peak in the F region, with electron temperature enhancements. It was also found that 89% of the F region peak altitudes were above the peak altitude of the ionization rate produced by electrons of characteristic energy below 100 eV. The occurrence rate of these profiles in the hourly magnetic local time (MLT) exceeded 80% in the 22–3 MLT sectors. We suggest that the electron density enhancement in the F region would have been caused by electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic waves in the magnetosphere. Another candidate would have been polar patches that had traveled from the dayside ionosphere.
Dec 2021Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics volume 126 issue 12. 10.1029/2021JA029601