Figure 3. Centroid niche marginality at LGM and present for
each genetic clade for highland (A) and lowland (B)taxa. A decrease in niche marginality is observed for most clades,
except for five highland northern clades and two lowland southern that
show an increase in marginality for present day climate, indicated with
their numeric identifier according to Table 1. Figure not showing 3
highland outliers (see Supporting Information for graphs with the
outliers).
As a second measure of niche marginality, we evaluated the change in the
proportion of different marginality values within the suitable area for
each clade for present day climate and LGM, and clustered the different
clades based on the similarity of their change in normalized area of
different marginality values (Figure 4a). The species F.
columnaris was not included in this analysis since it did not present
suitable areas for LGM GCM climatic conditions. The best supported
number of clusters was five (Figure 4b) that can be qualitatively
described as taxa with: i) much more marginal area at LGM, ii) much more
marginal area at present, iii) slightly more marginal area at LGM, iv)
slightly more marginal area at present, and v) similar marginality at
present and LGM. Most highland species clustered in the more marginal
area at present (group ii; Figure 4). There was no clear grouping by
taxonomic group (plant, mammal or reptile) or location of the genetic
clade.