Figure 4. Change in the proportion of marginal conditions within suitable area for each clade. A. Cluster analysis showing five groups according to their changes in the normalized marginality area between LGM and present (i: More marginal area at LGM, ii: more marginal area at present, iii: slightly more marginal area at LGM, iv; slightly more marginal area at present, and v: similar marginality at present and LGM). Highland taxa are highlighted in green. Pink (N) and blue (S) indicate location of genetic clade; “-“ indicates unstructured clades. In the heatmap, red represents more area of a determined marginality value at LGM. B. Normalized area distribution of each marginality values for LGM CCSM and present-day climate for some example clades from each cluster.