Characteristics of the participants and baseline differences
between the groups
The
sample consisted of 69 female nurses (93.2%) and 5 male nurses (6.8%),
with a mean age of 31.7 years (SD = 5.4) and a mean duration of
emergency practice of 10.1 years (SD = 5.8). Most of the nurses were
married (n = 53, 71.6%), 64 (86.5%) had obtained a bachelor’s degree,
and 54 (72.9%) held junior titles. There were no differences between
the groups in demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as
baseline outcome scores (see Table 1).
Effects
of the intervention: Disparities between groups
The
outcome data were consistent with homogeneity of variance and a normal
distribution.
Table
2 presents descriptive statistics of the mean scores of outcomes at
baseline, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up. It also includes
group comparisons based on time, the main effect of the group, and the
interaction effect of the time group in the MBSR and comparison group.
We
observed significant time effects for PTSD symptoms (F = 5.947, P= 0.003, partial η2 = 0.076), emotional exhaustion (F
= 4.584, P = 0.012, partial η2 = 0.060), and
mindfulness (F = 4.342, P = 0.019, partial η2 =
0.057). Additionally, we found significant time group interaction
effects for PTSD symptoms (F = 4.174, P = 0.017, partial
η2 = 0.055) and emotional exhaustion (F=3.152,P =0.046, partial η2=0.042).
Regarding
the difference between the groups, the results showed significant
effects only on the post-intervention scores of PTSD symptoms (F=5.916,P =0.017, 95%CI =1.492~15.054). The time
effect, the main effect of the group, and the interaction effect of the
time and group for two coping styles were not significant.
Effects
of the intervention: Pre-post disparities
Simple
main effects tests with Bonferroni correction revealed significant
changes in the main outcomes over time for both groups (see Table 3).
There was a significant decrease in symptoms of PTSD (M (I-J) = -7.789,P <0.001, 95%CI =3.642~11.937)
and emotional exhaustion (M(I-J)=4.763, P =0.004,
95%CI =1.274~8.253) and an increase in
mindfulness (M(I-J)=-7.421, P <0.001,
95%CI =-12.349~2.493) from before to post-test in
the MBSR group, while no significant changes were found in the
comparison group.
There
were no significant differences in any outcomes between the post-test
and the 1-month follow-up test in the MBSR group.