Measuring pollination and seed set
At the end of each sampling day, we collected one style from a flower on twelve pre-marked C. quamash plants and mounted styles on fuchsin-tinted gelatin slides (Kearns & Inouye 1993). We counted the number of conspecific and heterospecific pollen grains on stigmas using a compound light microscope (Nikon Eclipse 80i, Nikon Instruments Inc.). Seventy-two hours following pollinator observations and after the initiation of pollen tube growth, we collected a second style from these same pre-marked plants into 70% ethanol. In the lab, we softened styles with 8M NaOH at 35ยบ C for 1 hour and stained pollen tubes by placing softened styles in a solution of 0.05% aniline blue in 0.1M KH2PO4 for 24 hours. We squashed styles beneath cover slips on microscope slides and counted pollen tubes near the base of styles using epifluorescence microscopy (Nikon Eclipse 80i, Nikon Instruments Inc.). Two weeks after conducting pollinator observations we collected fruits and scored ovules as fertilized or unfertilized.