Results
At the end of the study, out of 3814 students 270 were supposed to be collected but fortunately the data was collected from 318 participants and was analyzed. Of the participants, 15.72% were male (n = 50) and 83.81% female (n = 259). The mean age of the participants was 21.64 ± 1.84, ranging from 17 to 28 years of age . 252 students (79.2%) who replied ”yes” to the question ”Did you have two or more headaches in the last 3 months?” formed the headache group. Of the headache group, 12.69% were male (n = 32) and 87.3% female (n = 220). Female participants had significantly higher headache rates than male ones (Pearson χ2 = 35.344, p < 0.001).
As preliminary questions were analyzed, 157 participants of the headache group (49.4%) had at least one positive response. 81 participants (25,5%) had ”a desire to talk to a healthcare professional about this headaches”, and 150 participants expressed that ”his/her ability to work, study or enjoy life was limited” (47.2%).
This group of participants was further evaluated in terms of migraine type headaches with application of the 3-item ID Migraine™ test. Of this group, 34.3% (n = 109) gave at least two positive responses and had positive ID Migraine™ tests. The prevalence of migraine among all participants according to ID Migraine™ test was 2.9%. Of the migraine group, 14 were male (12.8%) and 95 were female (87.2%). The rate of migraine in female participants was found to be significantly higher than male ones (Pearson χ2 = 60.725, p < 0.001.The mean age of the participants with migraine was 21.72 ± 1.91, ranging from 17 to 28 years of age. There was no statistical significance between the ages of participants and migraine prevalence (Pearson χ2 = 16.958, p = 0.593). Of the participants, 14.7% (n = 16) were in the adolescent age, whereas 85.3% (n = 93) were in the adult group, with a ratio of1:6. In comparison, there was significant difference between adolescent and adult age groups concerning the migraine rates (7.0% and 7.8%, respectively) In addition, shows the prevalence according to gender.
In the migraine group (n = 109), 3 item ID Migraine™ test showed 56% of the participants (n = 61) ”felt nauseated or sick to the stomach”, 82.6% of the participants (n = 90) were ”bothered by light (a lot more than when they don’t have headaches)”, and 94.5% (n = 103) expressed that ”their headaches limited their ability to work, study or do what they needed to do for at least one day” .The headache severity assessment was done and found to be that 11.9% of the participants (n=13) were experiencing “mild headache”, 30.3% of the participants (n=33) expressed that they were suffering from “severe headache “,and 57.8% of the participants (n=63) were having “moderate headache”. Headache triggering factors were also been asked and 21.1% of the participants (n=23) were triggered by “emotional stress or anxiety”, 23.9% of the participants (n=26) were triggered by “eating habits”, 24.8% of the participants (n=27) were triggered by “fasting”, 64.2% of the participants (n=70) were triggered by irregular sleep, 33.9% of the participants (n=37) were triggered by “physical activity”,39.5% of participants (n=43) were triggered by “menstruation”,58.7% of the participants (n=64) were triggered by “noise”,36.7% of the participants (n=40) were triggered by” tests or exams”,48.6% of the participants (n=53) were triggered by “reading hours (when you are studying for example)”,2.8% of the participants(n=3) were triggered by “smoking”, and 71.6% of the participants (n=78) were triggered by “exposure to sun”. The question of the family correlation had been asked and 28.4% of the participants (n=31) were having at least part of their families diagnosed by migraine