Results
At the end of the study, out of 3814 students 270 were supposed to be
collected but fortunately the data was collected from 318 participants
and was analyzed. Of the participants, 15.72% were male (n = 50) and
83.81% female (n = 259). The mean age of the participants was 21.64 ±
1.84, ranging from 17 to 28 years of age . 252 students (79.2%) who
replied ”yes” to the question ”Did you have two or more headaches in the
last 3 months?” formed the headache group. Of the headache group,
12.69% were male (n = 32) and 87.3% female (n = 220). Female
participants had significantly higher headache rates than male ones
(Pearson χ2 = 35.344, p < 0.001).
As preliminary questions were analyzed, 157 participants of the headache
group (49.4%) had at least one positive response. 81 participants
(25,5%) had ”a desire to talk to a healthcare professional about this
headaches”, and 150 participants expressed that ”his/her ability to
work, study or enjoy life was limited” (47.2%).
This group of participants was further evaluated in terms of migraine
type headaches with application of the 3-item ID Migraine™ test. Of this
group, 34.3% (n = 109) gave at least two positive responses and had
positive ID Migraine™ tests. The prevalence of migraine among all
participants according to ID Migraine™ test was 2.9%. Of the migraine
group, 14 were male (12.8%) and 95 were female (87.2%). The rate of
migraine in female participants was found to be significantly higher
than male ones (Pearson χ2 = 60.725, p <
0.001.The mean age of the participants with migraine was 21.72 ± 1.91,
ranging from 17 to 28 years of age. There was no statistical
significance between the ages of participants and migraine prevalence
(Pearson χ2 = 16.958, p = 0.593). Of the participants,
14.7% (n = 16) were in the adolescent age, whereas 85.3% (n = 93) were
in the adult group, with a ratio of1:6. In comparison, there was
significant difference between adolescent and adult age groups
concerning the migraine rates (7.0% and 7.8%, respectively) In
addition, shows the prevalence according to gender.
In the migraine group (n = 109), 3 item ID Migraine™ test showed 56% of
the participants (n = 61) ”felt nauseated or sick to the stomach”,
82.6% of the participants (n = 90) were ”bothered by light (a lot more
than when they don’t have headaches)”, and 94.5% (n = 103) expressed
that ”their headaches limited their ability to work, study or do what
they needed to do for at least one day” .The headache severity
assessment was done and found to be that 11.9% of the participants
(n=13) were experiencing “mild headache”, 30.3% of the participants
(n=33) expressed that they were suffering from “severe headache “,and
57.8% of the participants (n=63) were having “moderate headache”.
Headache triggering factors were also been asked and 21.1% of the
participants (n=23) were triggered by “emotional stress or anxiety”,
23.9% of the participants (n=26) were triggered by “eating habits”,
24.8% of the participants (n=27) were triggered by “fasting”, 64.2%
of the participants (n=70) were triggered by irregular sleep, 33.9% of
the participants (n=37) were triggered by “physical activity”,39.5%
of participants (n=43) were triggered by “menstruation”,58.7% of the
participants (n=64) were triggered by “noise”,36.7% of the
participants (n=40) were triggered by” tests or exams”,48.6% of the
participants (n=53) were triggered by “reading hours (when you are
studying for example)”,2.8% of the participants(n=3) were triggered by
“smoking”, and 71.6% of the participants (n=78) were triggered by
“exposure to sun”. The question of the family correlation had been
asked and 28.4% of the participants (n=31) were having at least part of
their families diagnosed by migraine