References
1. Master A, Wilkinson E, Wagner R. Management of Chronic Suppurative
Otitis Media and Otosclerosis in Developing Countries. Otolaryngol Clin
North Am [Internet]. 2018;51(3):593–605. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otc.2018.01.017
2. Monasta L, Ronfani L, Marchetti F, Montico M, Vecchi Brumatti L,
Bavcar A, et al. Burden of disease caused by otitis media: systematic
review and global estimates. PLoS One [Internet]. 2012/04/30.
2012;7(4):e36226–e36226. Available from:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22558393
3. Damar M, Dinç AE, Erdem D, Bişkin S, Eliçora SS, Kumbul YC. The role
of the nasal and paranasal sinus pathologies on the development of
chronic otitis media and its subtypes: A computed tomography study.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2017;20(9):1156–60.
4. Lee DH, Shin JH, Lee DC. Three-dimensional morphometric analysis of
paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cell system using computed tomography
in pediatric population. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol [Internet].
2012;76(11):1642–6. Available from:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.037
5. Wolf G, Anderhuber W, Kuhn F. Development of the paranasal sinuses in
children: implications for paranasal sinus surgery. Ann Otol Rhinol
Laryngol. 1993 Sep;102(9):705–11.
6. Yonetsu K, Watanabe M, Nakamura T. Age-related expansion and
reduction in aeration of the sphenoid sinus: volume assessment by
helical CT scanning. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000 Jan;21(1):179–82.
7. Tos M, Stangerup SE, Andreassen UK. Size of the mastoid air cells and
otitis media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1985;94(4 Pt 1):386–92.
8. Sadé J, Fuchs C. A comparison of mastoid pneumatization in adults and
children with cholesteatoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.
1994;251(4):191-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00628421. PMID: 7917249.
9. Van Cauwenberge P, Derycke A. The relationship between nasal and
middle ear pathology. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 1983;37(6):830–41.
10. K. B. S, Thomas B, A. T. I. A prospective study of sinonasal and
nasopharyngeal pathology in chronic otitis media. Int J Otorhinolaryngol
Head Neck Surg. 2018;4(5):1263.
11. Arai Y, Sano D, Takahashi M, Nishimura G, Sakamaki K, Sakuma N, et
al. Sphenoid sinus development in patients with acquired middle ear
cholesteatoma. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2019;
12. Diamant M. Chronic otitis; a critical analysis. Pract
Otorhinolaryngol (Basel). 1952;14:1–190.
13. Doland K. Mastoid pneumatization. In: Sadé J (ed) Secretory otitis
media and its sequelae. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 298-303.
14. Valvassori G. Radiology of the ear, nose and throat. Thieme
Stuttgart, [Internet]. Jan;57–9. Available from:
https://doi.org/10.3109/00016486509126985
15. Barghouth G, Prior JO, Lepori D, Duvoisin B, Schnyder P, Gudinchet
F. Paranasal sinuses in children: size evaluation of maxillary,
sphenoid, and frontal sinuses by magnetic resonance imaging and proposal
of volume index percentile curves. Eur Radiol. 2002 Jun;12(6):1451–8.
16. Kim HY, Kim M-B, Dhong H-J, Jung YG, Min J-Y, Chung S-K, et al.
Changes of maxillary sinus volume and bony thickness of the paranasal
sinuses in longstanding pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis. Int J Pediatr
Otorhinolaryngol. 2008;72(1):103–8.
17. Fuchs JC, Tucker AS. Development and Integration of the Ear. Curr
Top Dev Biol. 2015;115:213–32.
18. Cinamon U. The growth rate and size of the mastoid air cell system
and mastoid bone: a review and reference. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.
2009 Jun;266(6):781-6. doi: 10.1007/s00405-009-0941-8. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
PMID: 19283403.
19. Diamant M. Otitis and pneumatisation of the mastoid bone. A
clinical–statistical analysis. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1940;
41(suppl):1. Acta Otolaryngol. 1940;41(1).
20. Tumarkin A. On the nature and significance of hypocellularity of the
mastoid. J Laryngol Otol. 1959;73(1):34–44.
21. Sadé J. Hyperectasis: the hyperinflated tympanic membrane: the
middle ear as an actively controlled system. Otol Neurotol Off Publ Am
Otol Soc Am Neurotol Soc [and] Eur Acad Otol Neurotol. 2001
Mar;22(2):133–9.
22. Gopalakrishnan S, Hospital R. Volume 2 issue 4 ISSN 2250-0359 A
Study on Chronıc Otitis Media Active Mucosal Type with Conclusıon. 2(4).
23. Karaskas S, Kavakli A. Morphometric examination of the paranasal
sinuses and mastoid air cells using computed tomography. Ann Saudi Med.
2005;25(1):41–5.
24. Kim J, Song SW, Cho JH, Chang KH, Jun BC. Comparative study of the
pneumatization of the mastoid air cells and paranasal sinuses using
three-dimensional reconstruction of computed tomography scans. Surg
Radiol Anat. 2010;32(6):593–9.
25. Hindi K, Alazzawi S, Raman R. Pneumatization of Mastoid Air Cells ,
Temporal Bone , Ethmoid and Sphenoid Sinuses . Any Correlation ?
2014;66(4):429–36.