Method
In this study, 110 people (14 men and 96 women) who referred to the rheumatology clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran during 2020 and 2021, underwent a complete clinical examination and lupus was confirmed by two rheumatologists. Consent was obtained from patients to participate in the project. Other baseline information included age and time of onset of the disease and gender, which were collected as a checklist. The disease activity index was assessed according to ACR criteria in 1997 and the latest SLICC 2012 criteria. Clinical manifestations
including: arthritis, malar rash, subacute skin lupus or discoid, oral ulcers, renal disorders were collected in a questionnaire. Then, a total ANA test was performed on all patients by ELISA method and if this test was positive in the samples, the ANA profiling panel test was measured based on the Imonobloting technique based on the Euro Immun company kit.