Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogenous disorder characterised by
hyperglycaemia, insulin deficiency and insulin resistance is increasing
economic and health burden throughout the world. American diabetes
association defines diabetes as a metabolic disease characterised by
hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin
action or both.(1)People with diabetes spend up to 8000 hours per year
managing their diabetes outside medical setting (2).This disease often
requires various daily tasks such as checking blood glucose levels as
well as coherence to many complicated medical regimens (3). Diabetes is
often accompanied by risk factors such as obesity, hypertension,
hypercoagulability, systemic inflammation and dyslipidaemia, which
increases CVD death rates.(4).India is the epicentre of diabetes
mellitus and in 2017 it was found that India is the second largest
country having 73 million diabetic patients after china.(5).An average
Indian exhausts around 5-30% of his house hold earnings on the
management of diabetes alone which increases the burden of the
nation.(6-8). There is a strong evidence shown by various randomised
trials that lifestyle interventions like healthy diet, physical activity
and weight loss decreases risk of developing type 2 diabetes
(9-12).Recently it has been postulated that dietary modification can
preserve B cell mass thereby reversing the progression of type 2
diabetes mellitus.(13-15).It has been shown that inspite of maintaining
blood glucose levels below a threshold for diabetes treatment some
people develop micro and macro vascular complications from prediabetes
even before onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus.(16,17). Around 10%
prediabetic subjects develop type 2diabetes each year.(18)
The aim of our study was to determine the relationship between vitamin D
and physical exercise on glycaemic control in type 2 DM patients.