Diversity of bacteria of jhum field based on 16s RNA gene sequence
The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere niches (LARS and SARS), BS, and EB isolates of RI different crops were submitted to GenBank, and accession numbers were assigned as MT415971-MT416000, MT409522-MT409577, and MT378448-MT378562 (Table S1). Based on alignment against Genbank, the 200 sequences belonged to 4 phyla, 33 genera, and 87 different species. Most of the bacterial isolates in LARS and BS belonged to the phylum Firmicutes,followed by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Among the different bacterial phyla in SARS, Proteobacteria was the most abundant, followed by Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, irrespective ofjhum fallow cycle length or crop. In RI also, the most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria , followed by Actinobacteria andFirmicutes . Eleven isolates (12.6 % of sequences) were found to occur in both LARS and BS, five isolates (5.7 % of sequences) in both LARS and SARS, and four isolates (4.5 % of sequences) in both LARS and RI. Similarly, six isolates (6.8 % of sequences) were found in both SARS and RI and three isolates (3.4 % of sequences) in all three of LARS, SARS, and RI (Fig. 1e; Table 1). There was not a single isolate found to occur across all four niches.