Results from the literature review
By June 2023 (searching PubMed,CNKI and Wanfang Data ), a total of 9 English cases of GPA following COVID-19 infection involvement and no Chinese case were found by searching literature[4-12]. Combined with our case,there were 10 cases of GPA following COVID-19 infection. (Table 1).The disorder often occurs in females aged 16 to 71 years , and the time interval between COVID-19 and diagnosis of GPA ranged from 1 day to 3 months .Of the ten patients (including ours), seven patients had no prior comorbidities while two had prior comorbidities of diabetes and rhinitis .Immunological tests showed positive PR3 antibody(100%) and C-ANCA (100%) are common. Commonly seen clinical manifestations were cough(70.0%),dyspnea(50.0%),and Arthralgia/Myalgia(40.0%).Pulmonary imaging studies showed multifocal cavitary pulmonary nodules in three patients ; ground-glass opacities in three patients;diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in two patients ; pleural effusions in one patients . The rate of mortality was 10%(1/10). All ten patients were treated with glucocorticoids which are the standard of care for vasculitis . Seven patients received rituximab therapy and two patients received plasmapheresis.All 9 patients had symptomatic and radiographic improve-ment at follow up (Table 2) .