References
Allgaier, A.-K., Pietsch, K., Frühe, B., Prast, E., Sigl-Glöckner, J., & Schulte-Körne, G. (2012). Depression in pediatric care: Is the WHO-Five Well-Being Index a valid screening instrument for children and adolescents? General Hospital Psychiatry , 34 (3), 234–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2012.01.007
Bartak, A., Spreeuwenberg, M. D., Andrea, H., Busschbach, J. J. V., Croon, M. A., Verheul, R., Emmelkamp, P. M. G., & Stijnen, T. (2009). The use of propensity score methods in psychotherapy research.Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , 78 (1), 26–34. https://doi.org/10.1159/000162298
Brähler, E., Mühlan, H., Albani, C., & Schmidt, S. (2007). Teststatistische Prüfung und Normierung der deutschen Versionen des EUROHIS-QOL Lebensqualität-Index und des WHO-5 Wohlbefindens-Index.Diagnostica , 53 (2), 83–96. https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924.53.2.83
Gerber, M., Lang, C., Lemola, S., Colledge, F., Kalak, N., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Pühse, U., & Brand, S. (2016). Validation of the German version of the insomnia severity index in adolescents, young adults and adult workers: Results from three cross-sectional studies.BMC Psychiatry , 16 (1), 174. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0876-8
Gilsbach, S., Herpertz-Dahlmann, B., & Konrad, K. (2021). Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents with and without mental disorders. Frontiers in Public Health , 9 , 679041. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.679041
Harris, P. A., Taylor, R., Minor, B. L., Elliott, V., Fernandez, M., O’Neal, L., McLeod, L., Delacqua, G., Delacqua, F., Kirby, J., & Duda, S. N. (2019). The REDCap consortium: Building an international community of software platform partners. Journal of Biomedical Informatics ,95 , 103208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103208
Ho, D. E., Imai, K., King, G., & Stuart, E. A. (2011). MatchIt: Nonparametric preprocessing for parametric causal inference.Journal of Statistical Software , 42 (8). https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v042.i08
Humer, E., Dale, R., Plener, P. L., Probst, T., & Pieh, C. (2021). Assessment of mental health of high school students 1 semester after COVID-19–associated remote schooling measures were lifted in Austria in 2021. JAMA Network Open , 4 (11), e2135571. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.35571
Kessler, R. C., Angermeyer, M., Anthony, J. C., De Graaf, R., Demyttenaere, K., Gasquet, I., De Girolamo, G., Gluzman, S., Gureje, O., Haro, J. M., Kawakami, N., Karam, A., Levinson, D., Medina Mora, M. E., Oakley Browne, M. A., Posada-Villa, J., Stein, D. J., Aadley Tsang, C. H., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., … Üstün, T. B. (2007). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health Survey Initiative.World Psychiatry , 6 (3), 168–176.
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2001). The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine , 16 (9), 606–613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
Löwe, B., Decker, O., Müller, S., Brähler, E., Schellberg, D., Herzog, W., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2008). Validation and standardization of the generalized anxiety disorder screener (GAD-7) in the general population.Medical Care , 46 (3), 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e318160d093
Morin, C. M., Belleville, G., Bélanger, L., & Ivers, H. (2011). The Insomnia Severity Index: Psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep , 34 (5), 601–608. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/34.5.601
Mossman, S. A., Luft, M. J., Schroeder, H. K., Varney, S. T., Fleck, D. E., Barzman, D. H., Gilman, R., DelBello, M. P., & Strawn, J. R. (2017). The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder: Signal detection and validation. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists , 29 (4), 227-234A.
Niederkrotenthaler, T., Laido, Z., Kirchner, S., Braun, M., Metzler, H., Waldhör, T., Strauss, M. J., Garcia, D., & Till, B. (2022). Mental health over nine months during the SARS-CoV2 pandemic: Representative cross-sectional survey in twelve waves between April and December 2020 in Austria. Journal of Affective Disorders , 296 , 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.153
Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Delvecchio, E., Mazzeschi, C., & Espada, J. P. (2020). Immediate psychological effects of the COVID-19 quarantine in youth from Italy and Spain. Frontiers in Psychology , 11 , 579038. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.579038
O’Sullivan, K., Clark, S., McGrane, A., Rock, N., Burke, L., Boyle, N., Joksimovic, N., & Marshall, K. (2021). A qualitative study of child and adolescent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (3), 1062. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031062
Özlü-Erkilic, Z., Kothgassner, O. D., Wenzel, T., Goreis, A., Chen, A., Ceri, V., Fakhr Mousawi, A., & Akkaya-Kalayci, T. (2021). Does the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic have an influence on the mental health and well-being of young people? A cross-sectional multicenter study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , 18 (23), 12795. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312795
Pieh, C., Budimir, S., Humer, E., & Probst, T. (2021). Comparing mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown and 6 months after the lockdown in Austria: A longitudinal study. Frontiers in Psychiatry ,12 , 625973. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625973
Pieh, C., Budimir, S., & Probst, T. (2020). The effect of age, gender, income, work, and physical activity on mental health during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown in Austria. Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 110186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110186
Pieh, C., Plener, P. L., Probst, T., Dale, R., & Humer, E. (2021). Assessment of mental health of high school students during social distancing and remote schooling during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria.JAMA Network Open , 4 (6), e2114866. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.14866
Pieh, C., Probst, T., Budimir, S., & Humer, E. (2021). Diminished well-being persists beyond the end of the COVID-19 lockdown.General Hospital Psychiatry , 70 , 137–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.01.004
Ravens-Sieberer, U., Kaman, A., Erhart, M., Devine, J., Schlack, R., & Otto, C. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on quality of life and mental health in children and adolescents in Germany. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01726-5
Richardson, L. P., McCauley, E., Grossman, D. C., McCarty, C. A., Richards, J., Russo, J. E., Rockhill, C., & Katon, W. (2010). Evaluation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item for detecting major depression among adolescents. Pediatrics , 126 (6), 1117–1123. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-0852
Riiser, K., Richardsen, K. R., Haraldstad, K., Helseth, S., & Torbjørnsen, A. (2021). “It’s hard to keep a distance when you’re with someone you really care about”—A qualitative study of adolescents’ pandemic-related health literacy and how Covid-19 affects their lives [Preprint]. Public and Global Health. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.17.21257667
Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects.Biometrika , 70 (1), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/70.1.41
Rossom, R. C., Coleman, K. J., Ahmedani, B. K., Beck, A., Johnson, E., Oliver, M., & Simon, G. E. (2017). Suicidal ideation reported on the PHQ9 and risk of suicidal behavior across age groups. Journal of Affective Disorders , 215 , 77–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.03.037
Salari, N., Hosseinian-Far, A., Jalali, R., Vaisi-Raygani, A., Rasoulpoor, S., Mohammadi, M., Rasoulpoor, S., & Khaledi-Paveh, B. (2020). Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Globalization and Health , 16 (1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00589-w
Teutsch, F, Ramelow, D, Maier, G, & Felder-Puig, R. (2018).