Figure 3 . Model predictions of multiplicative population growth
rate of Ortolan Bunting in different regions of the species range in
Finland. Model prediction point estimates are shown with black circles
together with their 95 % confidence intervals error bars. Violin plots
and scattered circles illustrate the distribution of singing group
growth rates averaged over time. These averaged data were generated by
first adding 0.5 to the territory count, both the current and previous
year (TERRI and TERPRE), and then aggregating the data by singing group
and counting the average change in population growth rate per singing
group. The intensity of the colour of the circle indicates how many
times that singing group was visited on consecutive years, i.e., how
many observations were available for estimating the growth rate for that
singing group (n = 1–13, mean = 2.8).