Patient Demographics
Three hundred forty patients with IH were included and evaluated in this study. Baseline patient demographic data and lesion data can be seen in Table 1, respectively. There were 230 (67.6%) female and 110 (32.4%) male patients, with a mean weight of 6.8 kg at the time of propranolol initiation.
The majority of patients identified as Caucasian (94%), with 11 patients identifying as Black or African American and 7 as Asian. Approximately 93% of patients were non-Hispanic, while a smaller percentage (6%) were Hispanic. Of the 340 patients included, 77 (23%) were born prematurely, of which 27 (35%) were born <32 weeks, and 49 (64%) were born between 32 and 37 weeks. Thirty-three patients had a diagnosis of an associated syndrome, which was PHACES (Posterior fossa anomalies, Hemangioma, Arterial lesions, Cardiac abnormalities, and Eye anomalies). Lesions of the head/face had a statistically significant association with a diagnosis of PHACE syndrome (p<0.001). Forty-eight (14%) patients had a positive family history of cardiac abnormalities (Wolf Parkinson White Syndrome, MI <40 years old, congenital heart defect, death due to congenital heart defect) or hemangiomas.