Figure 1. Species-level patterns of per capita population growth rates (A-D) and occupancy (E-H) across a productivity gradient. Productivity is represented by a green-red vegetation index, where less productive sites are towards the left. In panels A-D, dashed lines at λ =1 show the threshold for persistence (i.e., positive population growth); blue and red data are from the ‘without neighbors’ and ‘with neighbors’ treatments, respectively, the latter most closely resembling natural conditions. The isolated zero-inflation (i.e., germination) and conditional (i.e., seed production) components of population growth are shown Fig. S6. Points are the raw data jittered for interpretability, lines and 95% confidence bands are shown from the best fit models.