Clinical outcomes
Clinical outcomes included LOS, minimal oxygen saturation (MOS), rate of PICU admissions, and rates of secondary bacterial infections. LOS was calculated from the ED admission to discharge from the hospital. Prolonged LOS was defined as longer than the 75thpercentile. MOS was the lowest recorded oxygen saturation in room air during hospitalization. PICU admission and assisted ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or non-invasive positive pressure ventilation were also noted. The diagnoses of secondary infections, such as pneumonia, UTI, AOM, meningitis, and bacteremia, as well as the use of steroids or antibiotics during hospitalization, were extracted from the patient’s electronic medical records.