3.1 Clinical characteristics of patients
A total of 241 patients underwent lung transplantation and participated in CYP3A5 genotyping between August 2016 and August 2022. From this study population, 5 patients were excluded for using cyclosporine, 1 patient was excluded due to missing data and 1 patient did not survive the first month post-transplantation, resulting in a final analysis cohort of 234 patients. The baseline characteristics are presented in Table 1. The median (IQR) age was 60 (51–65) years old, with males accounting for 81.2% of the participants. The most prevalent pulmonary diagnosis was interstitial lung disease (ILD; 66.2%), followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 12.0%), pulmonary hypertension (PH; 9.8%), bronchiectasis (3.8%) and other indications including bronchiolitis obliterans, pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and cystic fibrosis (8.1%). The prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia before surgery were 27.8%, 19.7% and 18.8%, respectively. Fifty percent of the patients (n = 117) were CYP3A5 expressers, while the remaining 50% (n = 117) were CYP3A5 non-expressers.