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\begin{document}

\title{Evidence of stress relaxation caused by time-dependent deformation in
the damage zone of the Chelungpu fault system}



\author[1]{Mayukh Talukdar}%
\author[1]{Hiroki Sone}%
\affil[1]{University of Wisconsin-Madison}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 27, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
High fracture density in fault damage zones not only reduces the elastic
stiffness of rocks but may also promote time-dependent bulk deformation
through the sliding of fracture surfaces and thus impact the stress
evolution in fault zones. Comparing the damage zones of the three faults
in the Chelungpu fault system encountered in the Taiwan Chelungpu fault
Drilling Project (TCDP), the youngest damage zone showed pronounced
sonic velocity reduction even though fracture density is the same for
all three fault zones, consistent with the shorter healing time of the
youngest fault. Caliper log data showed a time-dependent enlargement of
the borehole wall at the damage zone. These damage zones record lower
differential stress than the surrounding host rock, which cannot be
explained by the reduced elastic stiffness in the damage zone. Stress
relaxation caused by time-dependent bulk deformation in the damage zone
may be responsible for the observed low differential stress.%
\end{abstract}%



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