Figure 3 : Telomere length in relation to age and, brood size manipulation and Carnus presence in wild jackdaw nestlings. Data points (estimated marginal means) and confidence interval (bars) are shown separately for the reduced (left panel, open circles) and enlarged groups (right panel, closed circles). Telomere shortening over the development period is shown as solid line for non-parasitized individuals (N = Carnus absence) and dashed line for parasitized individuals (Y = Carnus presence).