This article was previously posted to the AUTHOREA preprint server on December 21, 2021. 

Conclusions

To sum up, WD is an inheritable metabolic liver disease associated with the accumulation of copper in the human body. Pregnancies in patients with WD are considered high risk, not only because it poses an obvious risk to the mother but also because the accumulating copper could affect the unborn fetus. The proper treatment of the mother with Zinc and Penicillamine is said to be relatively safer and has a lower risk of congenital disability. We have tried to establish that successful pregnancy while suffering from WD is possible through the data collected from our case, although it does require continuous treatment and good compliance.
References
  1. Huster D: Wilson disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2010, 24:531-539. 10.1016/j.bpg.2010.07.014
  2. Chu NS, Hung TP: Geographic variations in Wilson’s disease. J Neurol Sci. 1993, 117:1-7. 10.1016/0022-510x(93)90145-o
  3. Lin L-J, Wang D-X, Ding N-N, Lin Y, Jin Y, Zheng C-Q: Comprehensive analysis on clinical features of Wilson’s disease: an experience over 28 years with 133 cases. Neurol Res. 2014, 36:157-163. 10.1179/1743132813Y.0000000262
  4. Ferenci P: Diagnosis and current therapy of Wilson’s disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004, 19:157-165. 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01813.x
  5. Patil M, Sheth KA, Krishnamurthy AC, Devarbhavi H: A Review and Current Perspective on Wilson Disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2013, 3:321-336. 10.1016/j.jceh.2013.06.002
  6. Taly AB, Prashanth LK, Sinha S: Wilson’s disease: An Indian perspective. Neurol India. 2009, 57:528. 10.4103/0028-3886.57789
  7. Anna Członkowska: A study of haemolysis in Wilson’s disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 1972, Volume 16, Issue 3:Pages 303-314. 10.1016/0022-510X(72)90194-3
  8. Attri S, Sharma N, Jahagirdar S, Thapa BR, Prasad R: Erythrocyte Metabolism and Antioxidant Status of Patients with Wilson Disease with Hemolytic Anemia. Pediatr Res. 2006594, 1:593-597. 10.1203/01.pdr.0000203098.77573.39
  9. Ferenci P, Caca K, Loudianos G, et al.: Diagnosis and phenotypic classification of Wilson disease1. Liver Int. 2003, 23:139-142. 10.1034/j.1600-0676.2003.00824.x
  10. Saito T: Presenting symptoms and natural history of Wilson disease. Eur J Pediatr. 1987, 146:261-265. 10.1007/BF00716470
  11. Frommer DJ: Urinary copper excretion and hepatic copper concentrations in liver disease. Digestion. 1981, 21:169-178. 10.1159/000198559
  12. Perman JA, Werlin SL, Grand RJ, Watkins JB: Laboratory measures of copper metabolism in the differentiation of chronic active hepatitis and Wilson disease in children. J Pediatr. 1979, 94:564-568. 10.1016/S0022-3476(79)80011-6
  13. Roberts EA, Schilsky ML: Diagnosis and treatment of Wilson disease: An update. Hepatology. 2008, 47:2089-2111. 10.1002/hep.22261
  14. Tietz Textbook of: Clinical Chemistry and Molecular DiagnosticsAccessed September 18. 2020.
  15. Fukuda K, Ishii A, Matsue Y, Funaki K, Hoshiai H, Maeda S: Pregnancy and delivery in penicillamine treated patients with Wilson’s disease. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1977, 123:279-285. 10.1620/tjem.123.279
  16. Sinha S, Taly AB, Prashanth LK, Arunodaya GR, Swamy HS: Successful pregnancies and abortions in symptomatic and asymptomatic Wilson’s disease. J Neurol Sci. 2004, 217:37-40. 10.1016/j.jns.2003.08.007
  17. Malik A, Khawaja A, Sheikh L: Wilson’s disease in pregnancy: case series and review of literature. BMC Res Notes. 2013, 6:421. 10.1186/1756-0500-6-421
  18. Mustafa MS, Shamina AH: Five successful deliveries following 9 consecutive spontaneous abortions in a patient with Wilson disease. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998, 38:312-314. 10.1111/j.1479-828x.1998.tb03073.x
  19. Morimoto I, Ninomiya H, Komatsu K, Satho M: Pregnancy and Penicillamine Treatment in a Patient with Wilson’s Disease. Jpn J Med. 1986, 25:59-62. 10.2169/internalmedicine1962.25.59
  20. Brewer GJ, Johnson VD, Dick RD, Hedera P, Fink JK, Kluin KJ: Treatment of Wilson’s disease with zinc. XVII: treatment during pregnancy. Hepatol Baltim Md. 2000, 31:364-370. 10.1002/hep.510310216