Immunomodulation-related treatment and adjustment of immunosuppressive drugs
The dose, type, and hormone use of immunosuppressants after renal transplantation did not differ significantly among the three groups (Table 1 in the Appendix). A comparison of immunomodulatory treatments between the three groups showed that the use of propyl globulin was highest in the A+P group, with 41.4% of patients using propyl globulin, followed by the paxlovid group, and lowest in the azvudine group (P=0.030). Intravenous hormone use also differed among the three groups (P=0.001), with the highest use in the A+P group (75.9 %) and the lowest in the azvudine group (37.1 %). The use of monoclonal antibodies did not differ significantly among the three groups (P=0.171). With regard to dose adjustment of immunosuppressive agents, the A+P group had a higher rate of dose reduction and discontinuation of CNI-based immunosuppressive agents than the paxlovid and azvudine groups, whereas there was no significant difference between the three groups regarding dose reduction and discontinuation of MMF-based immunosuppressive agents (Table 2).
The absolute values of the change in immunosuppressive concentration before and after pneumonia treatment were 1.7 (2.5, 4.5) in the azvudine group, 2.1 (0.7, 3.3) in the paxlovid group, and 2.4 (1.4, 2.1) in the A+P group, with no statistical difference between the three groups, according to a non-parametric test(P=0.343).