Maps of the potential barriers and corridors to gene flow of Q. longinux. (a) Results of the EEMS analysis of regions significantly deviating from isolation by distance (IBD). The blue, white, and orange colors illustrate regions with high dispersal rates (dispersal corridor), IBD, and low dispersal rates (dispersal barrier), respectively. (b) Results of the effective diversity (i.e., the modeled dissimilarity between pairs of individuals from the same location) estimated by the EEMS analysis. Blue and orange represent regions of high and low genetic diversity, respectively. The black dots indicate the sampling locations. (c) Potential corridors for gene flow in the isolation by resistance (IBR) models constructed using climatic factors and (d) topographical factors. Lighter colors represent greater ease of movement (conductance) through the landscape.