Figure 5. (a) V ptop and I ptop as a function of R ranging from 105 to 109 Ω and (b) the corresponding P andPS ‒1. (c) A short-circuit I signal of HILP-TENG for electric charge measurement. (d) Simulation results obtained using COMSOL. (e) Accumulated V signals for different capacitors. (f) LED operation using the HILP-TENG. (g) V signals obtained from the HILP-HOLP-TENG during walking and running.