Figure Legends
Figure 1. Roving paradigm with controlled expectations utilized in the present study, with the calculation methods for the amplitudes of initial adaptation, subsequent adaptation, and MMN.
Figure 2. The adaptation curves based on the (a) N1 and (b) P2 peak amplitudes across the first ten tones (N = 37). Error bars represent standard deviations. *Significant P-values based on paired-sample t-tests between consecutive tone pairs, adjusted using Holm-Bonferroni corrections.
Figure 3. The ERPs of the first ten tones indicated by different colors (N = 37). Data were pooled from 25 fronto-central electrodes (marked by black dots at the top-left corner). Shaded ribbons indicate standard errors of the means (SEMs).
Figure 4. (a) Waveforms of deviants, last standards in 4th to 30th tones, and the difference wave associated with MMN (N = 37). Data were pooled from 25 fronto-central electrodes (marked by black dots at the top-left corner). The average difference wave (green) was computed by subtracting the amplitudes in the final position of each sequence of stimuli (4th position or after) from those in the deviants. Waveforms of deviants and the final tones are depicted in red and blue respectively. Shaded ribbons indicate SEMs. The shaded region (yellow) denotes the MMN time window (76–196 ms). (b) Topography of MMN. From left to right, the topographic maps illustrate deviants, final tones in 4th to 30th positions, and the corresponding MMN.
Figure 6. Scalp topographies based on the average individual peak amplitude (N = 37). (a) From left to right, the topographic maps of deviants, 2nd tones, and the ensuing initial adaptation effect in the N1. (b) From left to right, the topographic maps of 2nd tones, final tones (4th to 30th positions), and the ensuing subsequent adaptation effect in the P2.
Figures
Figure 1