References
1. Zuraw BL. Clinical practice. Hereditary angioedema. N Engl J
Med . 2008;359(10):1027-1036. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0803977
2. Busse PJ, Christiansen SC. Hereditary Angioedema. N Engl J
Med . 2020;382(12):1136-1148. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1808012
3. Caballero Molina T, Pedrosa Delgado M, Gómez Traseira C.
[Hereditary angioedema]. Med Clin (Barc) .
2015;145(8):356-365. doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2014.12.012
4. Cicardi M, Zuraw BL. Angioedema Due to Bradykinin Dysregulation.J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract . 2018;6(4):1132-1141.
doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2018.04.022
5. Aygören-Pürsün E, Bygum A, Beusterien K, et al. Socioeconomic burden
of hereditary angioedema: results from the hereditary angioedema burden
of illness study in Europe. Orphanet J Rare Dis . 2014;9:99.
doi:10.1186/1750-1172-9-99
6. Agostoni A, Cicardi M. Hereditary and acquired C1-inhibitor
deficiency: biological and clinical characteristics in 235 patients.Medicine (Baltimore) . 1992;71(4):206-215.
doi:10.1097/00005792-199207000-00003
7. Frank MM, Gelfand JA, Atkinson JP. Hereditary angioedema: the
clinical syndrome and its management. Ann Intern Med .
1976;84(5):580-593. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-84-5-580
8. Caballero T, Baeza ML, Cabañas R, et al. Consensus statement on the
diagnosis, management, and treatment of angioedema mediated by
bradykinin. Part I. Classification, epidemiology, pathophysiology,
genetics, clinical symptoms, and diagnosis. J Investig Allergol
Clin Immunol . 2011;21(5):333-347; quiz follow 347.
9. Bork K, Meng G, Staubach P, Hardt J. Hereditary angioedema: new
findings concerning symptoms, affected organs, and course. Am J
Med . 2006;119(3):267-274. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.09.064
10. Bygum A. Hereditary angio-oedema in Denmark: a nationwide survey.Br J Dermatol . 2009;161(5):1153-1158.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09366.x
11. Caballero T, Maurer M, Longhurst HJ, et al. Triggers and Prodromal
Symptoms of Angioedema Attacks in Patients With Hereditary Angioedema.J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol . 2016;26(6):383-386.
doi:10.18176/jiaci.0102
12. Bork K, Siedlecki K, Bosch S, Schopf RE, Kreuz W. Asphyxiation by
laryngeal edema in patients with hereditary angioedema. Mayo Clin
Proc . 2000;75(4):349-354. doi:10.4065/75.4.349
13. Bork K, Hardt J, Witzke G. Fatal laryngeal attacks and mortality in
hereditary angioedema due to C1-INH deficiency. J Allergy Clin
Immunol . 2012;130(3):692-697. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.055
14. Bork K, Brehler R, Witzke G, Boor S, Heineke W, Hardt J. Blindness,
tetraspasticity, and other signs of irreversible brain damage in
hereditary angioedema. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol .
2017;118(4):520-521. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2017.01.027
15. Prematta MJ, Kemp JG, Gibbs JG, Mende C, Rhoads C, Craig TJ.
Frequency, timing, and type of prodromal symptoms associated with
hereditary angioedema attacks. Allergy Asthma Proc .
2009;30(5):506-511. doi:10.2500/aap.2009.30.3279
16. Reshef A, Prematta MJ, Craig TJ. Signs and symptoms preceding acute
attacks of hereditary angioedema: results of three recent surveys.Allergy Asthma Proc . 2013;34(3):261-266.
doi:10.2500/aap.2013.34.3663
17. Kőhalmi KV, Mező B, Veszeli N, et al. Changes of coagulation
parameters during erythema marginatum in patients with hereditary
angioedema. Int Immunopharmacol . 2020;81:106293.
doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106293
18. Abstracts of 11th C1-inhibitor Deficiency & Angioedema Workshop.Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol . 2019;15(Suppl 4):45.
doi:10.1186/s13223-019-0355-0
19. Boccon-Gibod I, Bouillet L. Safety and efficacy of icatibant
self-administration for acute hereditary angioedema. Clin Exp
Immunol . 2012;168(3):303-307. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04574.x
20. Maurer M, Aberer W, Bouillet L, et al. Hereditary angioedema attacks
resolve faster and are shorter after early icatibant treatment.PLoS One . 2013;8(2):e53773. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053773
21. Leibovich-Nassi I, Reshef A. The Enigma of Prodromes in Hereditary
Angioedema (HAE). Clin Rev Allergy Immunol . 2021;61(1):15-28.
doi:10.1007/s12016-021-08839-4
22. Banerji A, Busse P, Christiansen SC, et al. Current state of
hereditary angioedema management: a patient survey. Allergy Asthma
Proc . 2015;36(3):213-217. doi:10.2500/aap.2015.36.3824
23. Osler W. Landmark publication from The American Journal of the
Medical Sciences: Hereditary angio-neurotic oedema. 1888. Am J Med
Sci . 2010;339(2):175-178. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181b2803f
24. Magerl M, Doumoulakis G, Kalkounou I, et al. Characterization of
prodromal symptoms in a large population of patients with hereditary
angio-oedema. Clin Exp Dermatol . 2014;39(3):298-303.
doi:10.1111/ced.12285
25. Beck P, Willis D, Davies GT, Lachmann PJ, Sussman M. A family study
of hereditary angioneurotic oedema. Q J Med .
1973;42(166):317-339.
26. Cohen JD. Chronic familial giant urticaria. Ann Intern Med .
1961;54:331-335.
27. Donaldson VH, Rosen FS. Hereditary angioneurotic edema: a clinical
survey. Pediatrics . 1966;37(6):1017-1027.
28. Farkas H, Harmat G, Fáy A, et al. Erythema marginatum preceding an
acute oedematous attack of hereditary angioneurotic oedema. Acta
Derm Venereol . 2001;81(5):376-377. doi:10.1080/000155501317140188
29. Nielsen EW, Gran JT, Straume B, Mellbye OJ, Johansen HT, Mollnes TE.
Hereditary angio-oedema: new clinical observations and autoimmune
screening, complement and kallikrein-kinin analyses. J Intern
Med . 1996;239(2):119-130. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.1996.418764000.x
30. Ohela K. Hereditary angioneurotic oedema in Finland. Clinical,
immunological and genealogical studies. Acta Med Scand .
1977;201(5):415-427.
31. Leibovich-Nassi I, Golander H, Somech R, Har-Even D, Reshef A. New
Instrument for the Evaluation of Prodromes and Attacks of Hereditary
Angioedema (HAE-EPA). Clin Rev Allergy Immunol . 2021;61(1):29-39.
doi:10.1007/s12016-021-08843-8
32. Kaplan AP. Enzymatic pathways in the pathogenesis of hereditary
angioedema: the role of C1 inhibitor therapy. J Allergy Clin
Immunol . 2010;126(5):918-925. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2010.08.012
33. Kaplan AP, Joseph K. Pathogenesis of Hereditary Angioedema: The Role
of the Bradykinin-Forming Cascade. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am .
2017;37(3):513-525. doi:10.1016/j.iac.2017.04.001
34. Rasmussen ER, de Freitas PV, Bygum A. Urticaria and Prodromal
Symptoms Including Erythema Marginatum in Danish Patients with
Hereditary Angioedema. Acta Derm Venereol . 2016;96(3):373-376.
doi:10.2340/00015555-2233
35. Farkas H, Martinez-Saguer I, Bork K, et al. International consensus
on the diagnosis and management of pediatric patients with hereditary
angioedema with C1 inhibitor deficiency. Allergy .
2017;72(2):300-313. doi:10.1111/all.13001
36. Hernández Fernandez de Rojas D, Ibañez E, Longhurst H, et al.
Treatment of HAE Attacks in the Icatibant Outcome Survey: An Analysis of
Icatibant Self-Administration versus Administration by Health Care
Professionals. Int Arch Allergy Immunol . 2015;167(1):21-28.
doi:10.1159/000430864
37. Maurer M, Magerl M, Betschel S, et al. The international WAO/EAACI
guideline for the management of hereditary angioedema-The 2021 revision
and update. Allergy . 2022;77(7):1961-1990. doi:10.1111/all.15214
38. Banta E, Horn P, Craig TJ. Response to ecallantide treatment of
acute attacks of hereditary angioedema based on time to intervention:
results from the EDEMA clinical trials. Allergy Asthma Proc .
2011;32(4):319-324. doi:10.2500/aap.2011.32.3440
39. Craig TJ, Bewtra AK, Bahna SL, et al. C1 esterase inhibitor
concentrate in 1085 Hereditary Angioedema attacks–final results of
the I.M.P.A.C.T.2 study. Allergy . 2011;66(12):1604-1611.
doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02702.x
40. Craig TJ, Rojavin MA, Machnig T, Keinecke HO, Bernstein JA. Effect
of time to treatment on response to C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate
for hereditary angioedema attacks. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol .
2013;111(3):211-215. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2013.06.021