Scheme 1. Schematic illustration for the contrustion and deep scald wound repairment mechanism of THB@ANVs encapsulated hydrogel, the wound recovery process was presented from left to right.
In this study, we used easily accessible adult adipose-derived stem cells to extrude mass-produced nanovesicles (ANVs), which were then combined with photodynamic AIE nanoparticles of 4-(2-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)vinyl)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl) pyridin-1-ium bromide (THB) to enhance their anti-infectious ability (denoted as THB@ANVs). To encapsulate the THB@ANVs without altering their active ingredients, we used a heat-, light-, and catalyst-free crosslinking amino-yne click chemistry CMC-DA hydrogel composed from amino-rich water-soluble carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and di-activated alkyne-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG-DA)[30](Scheme 1). Our research demonstrated that this hydrogel can match the shape of a wound through injection, and that the β -aminoacrylate bond in the hydrogel can accelerate the release of contents in response to the acidic environment of the wound. In vivo wound healing evaluations are also conducted to investigate the effectiveness of this comprehensive hydrogel for treating bacterial infections, promoting wound tissue repair, and reducing treatment time.