CDK12:
The prevalence of CDK12 somatic mutations in the setting of metastatic PCa is higher in AAM (7.57-11.27%) than in EAM (4.73-5.55%)67 69 (Table 1), but this difference is not significant. Nevertheless, in the study Koga et al67 did report statistically significant difference in CDK12 deletion, a subtype of CDK12 mutation, with a higher mutational frequency in AAM than in EAM with metastatic PCa (2.16% vs. 0.18%. respectively).
Analyzing and comparing the percentage of patients in each study, we noticed that the Ledet et al64 trial included a total of 867 patients, of which 188 are African American (21.6%) and 669 (77.2%) Caucasian patients. Kamran et al69 evaluated a total of 20,191 patients with various types of tumors, of whom > 80% were Caucasian patients and only 8.6% were AAM. Na et al70 included a total of 799 patients, of which 613 were EAM (76.7%), 119 patients were AAM (14.9%), and 67 patients (8.4%) were of other races. Lastly, the Koga et al67study included 861 patients with PCa, of whom 250 men were AAM (29.0%) and 611 men were EAM (71.0%). The studies with the most African American representation were the germline studies with Ledet et al64 and Rong Na et al70 with 21.6% and 14.9% respectively. Even so, this population continues to be underrepresented and its results could not be reliably extrapolated. A more racial inclusive cohort is needed to produce a more representative data.