Data analysis
Data entry and analyses were conducted using SPSS v.26 (IBM, NY). Nominal variables were presented as frequencies (n) and percentages (%). The Chi2 test (or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate) were used for identifying differences between hospitals. The continuous variables were presented as means and standard deviations (SDs). We used a t-test or Mann-Whitney test based on the distribution of the data (normally distributed or not).
A binary logistic regression model was constructed to control any potential confounders and to determine the significantly associated factors with the mortality outcome. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval ([95% CI]) are presented. Statistical significance was set at a P- value < 0.05 for all analyses.