Figure 3. Univariate MR analysis between the various allergic diseases and severe COVID-19.
P: P-value of the causal estimate; Cases: The number of cases in the database of exposure; Controls: The number of controls in the database of exposure; IVs: the number of SNPs used as instrumental variables; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
Figure 4. Scatterplots of potential effects of SNPs on allergic disease, atopic dermatitis, mixedasthma, and childhood asthma versus severe COVID-19.
(A) allergic disease (asthma, hay fever, or eczema); (B) atopic dermatitis; (C) mixed asthma; (D) childhood asthma. Analyses were conducted using inverse variance-weighted (IVW) mode, MR-Egger, weighted-median, and weighted mode. The slope of each line represents the estimated MR effect for each approach.