Muscle actuation test

The actuation performance of both homochiral and heterochiral hair artificial muscles with different diameters and different twist densities were characterized under water. Then the actuated hair muscles were put into ethanol for recovery. Digital camera was used to record the video of the real-time actuation process. The tensile stroke of the hair artificial muscles was calculated. In addition, both the homochiral and heterochiral muscles were put into water and ethanol repeatedly for 100 times to test their reversibility. And the actuation performance of both the homochiral and heterochiral hair muscles was investigated after 5 months to test their stability.