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Role of the Tropics and its Extratropical Teleconnections in State-Dependent Improvements of U.S. West Coast UFS Precipitation Forecasts
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  • Wei-Ting Hsiao,
  • Elizabeth Barnes,
  • Eric Maloney,
  • Stefan Tulich,
  • Juliana Dias,
  • George Kiladis
Wei-Ting Hsiao
Colorado State University

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Elizabeth Barnes
Colorado State University
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Eric Maloney
Colorado State University
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Stefan Tulich
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
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Juliana Dias
NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory
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George Kiladis
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
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Abstract

Boreal-wintertime hindcasts in the Unified Forecast System with the tropics nudged toward reanalysis improve United States (U.S.) West Coast precipitation forecasts at Weeks 3-4 lead times when compared to those without nudging. To diagnose the origin of these improvements, a multivariate k-means clustering method is used to group hindcasts into subsets by their initial conditions. One cluster characterized by an initially strong Aleutian Low demonstrates larger improvements at Weeks 3-4 with nudging compared to others. The greater improvements with nudging for this cluster are related to the model error in simulating the interaction between the Aleutian Low and the teleconnection patterns associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Improving forecasts of tropical intraseasonal precipitation, especially during early MJO phases under non-cold ENSO, may be important for producing better Weeks 3-4 precipitation forecasts for the U.S. West Coast.