14 15 Key Points: 16 (1) E3SMv1 captures spatial and temporal variability in the observed dust aerosol optical 17 depth, but underestimates long-range transport. 18 (2) The net direct radiative effect of dust simulated by E3SMv1 is-0.42 Wm-2 with a smaller 19 longwave warming than other recent studies. 20 (3) In addition to emission, dry removal of dust are highly sensitive to the increase of 21 horizontal or vertical model resolution. 22 23 24