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\begin{document}

\title{The 2017, Mw 3.9, Ischia Earthquake (Southern Italy): Source mechanism
from the modelling of seismic, geodetic, and geological data and
relation to the volcano resurgence mechanism}



\author[1]{Sahar Nazeri}%
\author[1]{Aldo Zollo}%
\author[1]{Guido Maria Adinolfi}%
\author[2]{Ortensia Amoroso}%
\author[1]{Matteo Picozzi}%
\affil[1]{Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy}%
\affil[2]{Department of Physics “E.R. Caianiello”, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 26, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The moderate earthquake occurred at the volcanic island of Ischia,
south-west of Naples (Italy) caused several buildings collapse, two
victims, and several tens of injured people. This event generated a
large amplitude ground shaking and long-lasting S-wave signal, longer
than those expected for an earthquake. To investigate the event rupture
complexity and its radiated wave field, we used finite-fault modelling
to invert the near-source (\textless{} 1 km epicentral distance),
three-component velocity records of the accelerometric station (IOCA),
and searched for the best-fit kinematic rupture parameters. This
analysis showed that the rupture nucleated at about 600 m west of IOCA
and 1.1 km depth, along a 1 km, NW-SE striking fault (thrust-strike slip
with right-lateral component), with a rupture velocity 0.8 km/s. The
retrieved rupture model coupled with multi-path reverberations effects
related to a thin, low-velocity near-surface volcanic sedimentary layer,
allowed us to explain the observed long ground motion duration and the
large amplitudes recorded all over the island. The actual fault
location, mechanism, and the spatial correlation between the simulated
peak ground motion zone and the area where the maximum vertical
displacement has been determined by DInsar images suggest that the
latter is associated with strong-shaking locally generated by land-slide
phenomena caused by co-seismic slip. Our source model is consistent with
the earthquake located near the border of the caldera resurgent block,
which is likely still active, where mass rock creeps evolved into
widespread collapses at NW of Monte Epomeo.%
\end{abstract}%



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