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\begin{document}

\title{Size-dependent Molecular Characteristics and Possible Sources of Organic
Aerosols at a Coastal New Particle Formation Hotspot of East China}



\author[1]{Huan Yu}%
\author[1]{Yibei Wan}%
\author[2]{Xiangpeng Huang}%
\author[2]{Xinlei Ge}%
\author[3]{Bin Jiang}%
\author[3]{Yuhong Liao}%
\author[1]{Qian Yan}%
\author[1]{Qin Shuai}%
\author[4]{Hang Xiao}%
\affil[1]{China University of Geosciences}%
\affil[2]{Nanjing University of Information Science \& Technology}%
\affil[3]{Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS}%
\affil[4]{Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 17, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
We investigated size-dependent molecular characteristics of coastal
organic aerosols from \textless{} 0.032 \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}m to 3.2 \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}m at a new particle
formation (NPF) hotspot of east China by using Fourier transform-ion
cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Strong connection
between
C\textsubscript{20-33}H\textsubscript{h}O\textsubscript{o}/C\textsubscript{18,30}H\textsubscript{h}O\textsubscript{o}N\textsubscript{n}
compounds in particles smaller than 0.10 \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}m and the VOCs emitted from
local intertidal macroalgae suggests that the organic compounds (OC) in
ultrafine particles are formed probably via the gas-phase oxidation of
long-chain fatty aldehydes or acids, followed by particle-phase
accretion reactions or imine formation during the coastal NPF events. In
0.18-0.56 \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}m particles, dominant C\textsubscript{8}-C\textsubscript{20}
CHO, CHON, CHOS and CHONS compounds (maximum: C\textsubscript{10} or
C\textsubscript{15}) are suggested most likely to be terpene oxidation
products. Highly oxygenated compounds with 0.6 [?] H/C [?] 1.5 and 0.67 [?]
O/C [?] 1.2 reside mostly in 0.18-0.56 \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}m particles, accounting for 5\% of
the OC formulas in this size range. Iodinated OC are subsequently formed
via electrophilic substitution of non-iodinated OC by iodine cations in
iodine-rich particles. CHN and Cl/Br-containing OC account altogether
for only 1-4\% of total OC intensity. As a result of the above compound
distribution, the intensity weighted unsaturation degree and carbon
oxidation state of OC increase with particle size. The distribution of
aromatic compounds (i.e. Aromaticity Index \textgreater{} 0.5) is
bimodal with peaks in 0.056-0.18 \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}m and 1.0-3.2 \selectlanguage{greek}μ\selectlanguage{english}m. In addition, our
study observed higher unsaturation degree, carbon oxidation state and
aromaticity of OC in coastal PM\textsubscript{2.5} than inland urban
PM\textsubscript{2.5} in the same region.%
\end{abstract}%



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