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\begin{document}

\title{Subduction initiation at the corner of small oceanic basin}



\author[1]{Miao Dong}%
\author[2]{Tianyao Hao}%
\author[1]{Yue Li}%
\author[3]{Jian Zhang}%
\author[3]{Gui Fang}%
\affil[1]{Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences}%
\affil[2]{Institute of Geology and Geophysics}%
\affil[3]{University of Chinese Academy of Sciences}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 16, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
In Southeast Asia, emerging subduction zones often appear to begin at
the corners of small oceanic basins, which have a triangular-indenter
continent--ocean boundary geometry. To investigate the influence of a
triangular indenter on subduction initiation, we performed a series of
three-dimensional numerical simulations with varying indenter angles and
base lengths. The results show that the apex of the indenter constitutes
the initial location of subduction, irrespective of the angle or the
extent of the indenter. Smaller angle indenters are more likely to
facilitate subduction initiation. At the same time, wide acute angle
indenters are difficult to form. Our findings suggest that triangular
indenter structures may facilitate subduction initiation in smaller
basins; however, the role such indenters in subduction initiation is
limited in larger basins. Our results emphasize the importance of
accounting for the three-dimensional geometry of a subduction zone when
examining its subduction dynamics and geological features.%
\end{abstract}%



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