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\begin{document}

\title{Ancient subcontinental ultra-depleted mantle-derived crust and its role
in Phanerozoic magmatism of Central Asian Orogenic Belt}



\author[1]{Huichuan Liu}%
\author[2]{Gong-Jian Tang}%
\author[3]{Weiming Fan}%
\affil[1]{College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing}%
\affil[2]{State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences}%
\affil[3]{Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China}%


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  \date{May 25, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Ultra-depleted mantle (UDM), characterized by Nd-Hf isotopically more
depleted than mid-ocean ridge basalt, is ubiquitous beneath the oceanic
crust, but no UDM has been reported underneath the continental crust.
The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) preserves large volumes of
Phanerozoic granitoids with elevated
\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Nd}(t)--\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Hf}(t) and is regarded as the
largest site of Phanerozoic crustal growth on Earth. Ancient (ca. 1.7
Ga) subcontinental UDM with extremely high
\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Nd}(t)--\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Hf}(t) values was identified
beneath the CAOB for the first time based on finding of 1.7 Ga diorite
intrusions with extremely high \selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Nd}(t),
\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Hf}(t) and \selectlanguage{greek}δ\selectlanguage{english}\textsuperscript{18}O values, and
significant Nd-Hf isotope decoupling. Partial melting of 1.7 Ga
subcontinental UDM produced widely distributed 1.7 Ga crust with
ultrahigh \selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Nd}(t)--\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Hf}(t) values, and
subsequent episodic remelting of this crust generated the Phanerozoic
high \selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Nd}(t)--\selectlanguage{greek}ε\selectlanguage{english}\textsubscript{Hf}(t) granitoids in the
CAOB. Phanerozoic crustal growth in accretionary orogens as exemplified
by the CAOB may have been overestimated.%
\end{abstract}%



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