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\begin{document}

\title{A Cenozoic mid-crustal tectonic discontinuity: the Ailao Shan fault,
southeastern Tibetan plateau}



\author[1]{wenkui Fan}%
\author[1]{Junlai Liu}%
\author[1]{Xiaoyu Chen}%
\author[1]{wei Chen}%
\author[2]{Chunru Hou}%
\author[2]{Baojun Zhou}%
\author[1]{hai nam Dao}%
\affil[1]{China University of Geosciences (Beijing)}%
\affil[2]{China university of geosciences, Beijing}%


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  \date{May 22, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
A crustal section is exposed across the Ailao Shan Tectonic Belt (ALTB)
that is suggested to be the accommodation zone of southeastward
extrusion of the Sundaland block during the Indian-Eurasian collision. A
highly sheared high-grade metamorphic unit (HMU) is separated from the
low-grade metamorphic unit (LMU) by an ultramylonite belt, i.e., the
previously defined `Ailao Shan fault'. Rocks in the three units possess
identical structural and kinematic characteristics. The ultramylonites
exhibit brittle-ductile deformation characteristics in localized middle
crustal high strain zones. Geothermometry analyses reveal contrasting
deformation P-T conditions across the ultramylonite belt, i.e., 610
\textasciitilde{}834 , 0.4\textasciitilde{}0.6 GPa in the HMU and ca.
400  in the LMU, consistent with microstructural observations and
quartz C-axis fabric analysis. The HMU and LMU are kinematically linked
while mechanically decoupled, implying shearing of the two units at
different crustal levels in the same strain field. Progressive
stratified middle to lower crustal flow was responsible for the
concurring high- and low-temperature fabrics at different crustal
levels. They were juxtaposed during crustal flow in response to
extrusion of the Sundaland block at ca. 30\textasciitilde{}21 Ma.
Exhumation of lower crustal rocks and incision of a thick pile of middle
crustal masses were attributed to doming during lower crustal flow. The
previously defined `Ailao Shan fault' occurred as a tectonic
discontinuity (TDC) that may have inherited preexisting basement/cover
contact along the ALTB. Ubiquitous occurrence of TDCs in middle crust
provides a potential explanation for the middle crustal low-velocity and
high-conductivity zone beneath the SE Tibet Plateau.%
\end{abstract}%



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