\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{Mush amalgamation, short residence, and sparse detectability of
eruptible magma before Andean super-eruptions}



\author[1]{Gregor Weber}%
\author[2]{Jon D Blundy}%
\author[3]{Dan Bevan}%
\affil[1]{University of Oxford}%
\affil[2]{Oxford University}%
\affil[3]{University of Bristol}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 17, 2024}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Giant volcanic eruptions have the potential to overturn civilization.
Yet, the driving mechanism and timescale over which batholithic magma
reservoirs transition from non-eruptible crystal mush to mobile
melt-dominated stages and our capacity to detect a pending
super-eruption remain obscure. Here we show, using Sr isotope zonation
in plagioclase crystals from three Andean large magnitude eruptions
(Atana, Toconao and Tara ignimbrites), that eruptible magma has emerged
by amalgamation of isotopically diverse crystal populations and silicic
melt without large-scale reheating. In each case, crystals record large
isotopic diversity in crystal cores, converging towards a common value
in crystal rims that coincides with the composition of the rhyolitic
carrier melt. Using diffusion chronometry, we constrain that the
assembled eruptible magma has resided in the Earth crust for timescales
of no more than decades to centuries for Atana and Tara, and up to
several millennia for Toconao. These timescales and isotopic
observations are consistent with the accumulation and destabilization of
melt rich layers in crystal mush. While the prospect of capturing such
melt lenses with most geophysical monitoring techniques is pessimistic,
gravity modelling indicate that such structures are potentially
resolvable. Our findings provoke a new assessment of the origin and
hazards associated with large magnitude explosive eruptions.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy


\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`essoar.10512619.1.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/537435/articles/599330-mush-amalgamation-short-residence-and-sparse-detectability-of-eruptible-magma-before-andean-super-eruptions}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`agu_suppinfo_gw.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/537435/articles/599330-mush-amalgamation-short-residence-and-sparse-detectability-of-eruptible-magma-before-andean-super-eruptions}

\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

