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\begin{document}

\title{Impacts of Sea Ice Mushy Thermodynamics in the Antarctic on the Coupled
Earth System}



\author[1]{Alice K. DuVivier}%
\author[1]{Marika M Holland}%
\author[1]{Laura L. Landrum}%
\author[2]{Hansi Alice Singh}%
\author[1]{David Anthony Bailey}%
\affil[1]{National Center for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)}%
\affil[2]{University of Victoria}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 21, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
We analyze two preindustrial experiments from the Community Earth System
Model version 2 (CESM2) to characterize the impact of sea ice physics on
regional differences in coastal sea ice production around Antarctica and
the resulting impact on the ocean and atmosphere. The experiment in
which sea ice is a ``mushy'' mixture of solid ice and brine has a
substantial increase in coastal sea ice frazil and snow ice production
that is accompanied by decreasing congelation growth and increasing
bottom melt. With mushy ice physics, the subsurface ocean is denser and
saltier, there is a statistically significant increase in Antarctic
Bottom Water Formation by \textasciitilde{}0.5 Sv, but differences in
ocean biogeochemistry are minimal and only in regions where the summer
ice state differs. While there are no significant changes in the
atmospheric circulation, using ``mushy'' ice physics results in
decreased turbulent heat flux, atmospheric convection, and low level
cloud cover.%
\end{abstract}%



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