2.2 Participants
Participants were recruited through the Human Phenotyping Core facility
of the Rose F. Kennedy Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Research Center, clinical referrals, and word-of-mouth. Exclusion
criteria for study participation included: (1) a history of seizures or
head trauma, (2) a known genetic disorder, (3) abnormal hearing or
vision. Participants were screened for normal or corrected-to-normal
vision using a Snellen eye test, and normal hearing was confirmed by
audiometric threshold evaluation. For typically developing (TD)
participants, additional exclusion criteria included (1) a history of
developmental, educational, or psychiatric diagnoses, (2) a first-degree
relative with a known developmental disorder. Inclusion in the clinical
group required an ASD diagnosis confirmed by a licensed clinical
psychologist (see section 2.3 Clinical Phenotyping). Written, informed
consent was obtained by the parent or legal guardian prior to study
participation. Verbal and written assent was obtained from each child
participant. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Review
Board of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the City College of
New York. Participants were compensated between $10 to $15 an hour in
accordance with university standard at the time of data collection
(between 2006 and 2019). Data from 334 participants were collected.
Following participant matching based on age, sex, and IQ, and
participant exclusion due to EEG quality (see section 2.7 Quality
Control), a subset of 84 TD participants and 84 ASD participants were
chosen for the final sample (Table 1 , Figure S1 )