Patient characteristics
A total of 259 patients with pulmonary TB were identified during the study period, and 111 (42.9%) were enrolled (Figure 1). Among them, three patients withdrew their consent, one had a diagnosis of M. abscessus lung disease, and another died before the initiation of anti-TB treatment. Therefore, a total of 106 patients were included for further analysis. Among them, 11 (10.3%) patients experienced AKI during anti-TB treatment.
The mean age of 106 patients was 52.6 ± 21.1 years, and 71.7% were men (Table 1). The average body mass index (BMI) was 21.6 ± 3.2, and 52 (49.1%) patients had a current or previous smoking history. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (22; 20.8%) and diabetes mellitus (20; 18.9%). The mycobacterial culture results revealed that 39 (36.8%) patients had a positive AFB smear result and 85 (80.2%) had a positive culture report for MTB complex. The most common side effects of anti-TB treatment were gastrointestinal symptoms (19; 17.9%) and skin rashes (16; 15.1%).
The completion rates of laboratory follow-up were 95.3%, 97.2%, and 96.2% at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively, after anti-TB treatment initiation. Eleven (10.3%) patients experienced AKI (Table 1). Compared with the non-AKI group, the AKI
group had a greater number of patients with a current or previous smoking history (72.7% versus 46.3%, p = 0.097) and exhibited a higher risk of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. The two groups were similar in baseline hemogram and biochemistry survey results; however, eGFR was higher in the AKI group (112.3 ± 38.1 versus 92.5 ± 29.6,p = 0.018; Table 2).