Spatial turnover analysis
Non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses (NMDS) based on
presence-absence data using the Jaccard similarity index were performed
for four major spatial components (i.e., forest types, elevational
zones, localities, and habitats). For this purpose, each single trap was
assigned for a particular spatial component (Table S1). Forest types
included four entities: a) evergreen wet lowland forests, b) evergreen
dry lowland forests, c) sub-montane forests, and d) montane forests.
Elevation had five units: EZ1: 0–500 m, EZ2: 501–1000 m, EZ3:
1001–1500 m, EZ4: 1501–2000 m, and EZ5: 2001–2500 m. The entity
‘locality’ included the 11 individual sampling localities. Habitat
comprised seven types: abandoned plantation, grassland, rock outcrop,
hilltop, forest edges, central forest, and disturbed forest. NMDS
ordination was performed on the full data set. Entities of spatial
components (i.e., forest types, elevational zones, localities, and
habitats) were subsequently mapped on the ordination results. Spatial
turnover analysis as well as a regression between qualitative species
composition similarity and geographic distances of sampling sites were
performed for the full assemblage and for assemblages partitioned by
body-size and phylogenetic lineage membership (see above).