Graph theory analysis
In the current study, TLE patients with WIS scores in the NC (n = 31), AC (n = 30), and HC (n = 18) groups were included for further analyses. The results of the graph theory are presented in Table 1 and Figure 1. SWI in the AC group tended to be increased in delta and theta frequency but decreased in alpha frequency compared to that in the NC group and controls. Group differences were significant for alpha (p NC-AC=0.006). Increased SWI in the fast rhythm was observed in both TLE groups compared with controls. However, in the gamma frequency, SWI in the AC group declined to the level of SWI in controls. SWI in the AC group was significantly lower than that in the NC group at 50–70 Hz (p NC-HC=0.031,p NC-AC=0.031) after applying the FDR correction.
Spearman’s correlations between the WIS and SWI were tested in each frequency band (Supplemental Table 1). After applying a multiple test correction, the results showed that SWI in alpha and 50–70 Hz was positively correlated with IQ (alpha: r = 0.434, P = 0.003; 50–70 Hz: r = 0.352, p = 0.021) and MQ (alpha:r = 0.373, P = 0.010; 50–70 Hz: r = 0.412,p = 0.007) (Figure 2). The results of Spearman’s correlation analysis of the SWI and cognition scores are summarized in Supplemental Table 1.
Group comparisons of functional connectivity between all ROIs were performed using EEG data from 40-channel EEG recordings. After applying NBS, no significant differences were observed.