Limitations
Due to the single-center, retrospective, observational nature of this study, it has several inherent limitations. There is a possibility of selection bias. Second, a lack of continuous ECG monitoring after ablation could have resulted in the underestimation of arrhythmia recurrence. That, and the limited (12m) follow-up period of our study, could result in under-reporting of AF recurrence. Due to retrospective nature of study, it is not possible to determine the extent of fibrosis. Additionally, it should be noted that, despite the clear duration from initial diagnosis to ablation, it is not possible to determine the duration of time patients suffered from arrhythmia prior to diagnosis. In the present study, data regarding the frequency of ablation of non-pulmonary vein foci was not included. Greater diligence in targeting these foci may have contributed to improved gender equity in procedural effectiveness.