The Helical Myocardial Band Model.
The ventricular muscle has been the object of study for years and has
presented multiple difficulties in defining its definitive structure.
The practically indefinite global and local structural anisotropy of its
fibers and other constituents of the ventricular wall creates non-linear
electrical and mechanical properties, anisotropic, time-varying, and
spatially inhomogeneous. This has created great difficulties in research
trying to integrate the structure and function of the heart at different
scales, from the molecular level to the level of tissues and
organs2,3. The definitive understanding of the
structure of the myocardial fibers aims to translate the global behavior
of the uniaxial shortening of the myocytes into the harmonious and
efficient three-dimensional deformation of the ventricles of the heart,
which until now can be considered as a phenomenon of a stochastic
nature.
Julien Hoffman4 cites ”A model is a
representation of reality but should never be confused with that
reality, models do not have to be correct to be useful, but generally,
they work within certain limits. If those limits are exceeded, the model
ceases to be useful”. Given this, the helical model fully explains many
of the normal and abnormal functions as discussed in the following
lines.